Fatty acids are not fermentable, so they are not a source of energy for rumen microbes; further, unsaturated fatty acids are toxic to the microbes, so as a defense mechanism, the ruminal microorganisms bio hydrogenate (saturate) these fatty acids to a less toxic form. Therefore, the supplementation of fat for dairy cows is achieved by
High yielding dairy cattle during early lactation are often in negative balance because of insufficient feed intake to meet energy requirements. In this conditions animals have to draw upon their body reserves to support the milk production, often resulting in metabolic disorders and sub optimal milk yield. Example, severe weight loss can lead to ketosis,